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History
The name comes from the Syrian word "Sour" or "Osoura" simainevrachodis that the ancient Phoenicians. Homer mentions in the Odyssey as "Syria".
The archaeological findingsthat came to light late last century Chalandriani in the northeast of the island, dating from to2.800 BC, the second phase of the Early Cycladic culture.The findings are especially graves, vases and bowls that are now in the National Archaeological Museum of Athens, Goulandris Museum of Cycladic Art and the Archaeological Museum of Syros.
The Syrian born in the mid 6th century BC philosopher, astronomer and physicist Pherecydes.At that time there were two cities in Syros. The one in place of Syros today particularly in the area Pefkakia - Psariana and other Galissas southwest of the island.
The 5th and 4th centuries BC, Syros was a member of the Athenian alliance. After a period of turbulence in the 3rd century BCC., during the second century BC, the island is flourishing again. The next century Syros ferry became an important hub. In the following centuries, the island has been a constant target of hackers and the population is greatly reduced.
During the first Byzantine periodbegin building the settlement tisAno Syros. In 1207 the village was occupied by the Venetians and in the course of Latin, the locals embrace the Catholic doctrine. In 1566, Syros came to power in Turkey but throughout the period tisTourkokratiaswas under the protection of the Pope and the King of France. In 1617 the Turkish fleet destroys the island. By way of example from the 16th to the 18th century, the population rose to about 2500 Catholics and Orthodox 150-200.
The creation of Syros beginning in 1822.Made by refugees who come out to the island from Asia Minor, Chios, sos, Psara and Crete. Ermoupoli ("City of Hermes) gets its name in 1826 following a proposal by the first settlers of the city to honor the ancient god of commerce Mercurywhile reference to the trading activities of its inhabitants.
It grows rapidly to a large shopping center and is the most important port in the eastern Mediterranean. In 1823 he founded Ermoupolis the first hospital in Greece in the Cyclades in 1833 became the capital of the Prefecture of the Cyclades.That same year work in the city and the first school in Greece as founder Vamvas Neophytos, priest, teacher and refugee from Chios. In high school will attend and graduate Eleftherios Venizelos. Founded in 1861 Neorio the first yard in Modern Greeceand several smaller shipyards are working about 2,000 people. In the shipbuilding facilities of Syros around 80 ships a year, and built here in 1854, toproto Greek steamer.Simultaneously developed, especially after 1855, the banking and insurance market, industry, tanning, soap, iron and steel, the milling, textiles, etc. The heyday of the city continued until the late 19th century, the island to numbers more than 30,000 residents.
Thesuffering of the Second World War dealt a serious blow to Syros, and economic decline intensified during the postwar decades.But since the 1980s, with the overall improvement of economy and raising living standards in Greece, presented data recovery Syros economy by focusing on tourism. Furthermore, the yard iepanaleitourgiaand other ancillary activities, indicate the rise of Syros, while indicating the need to diversify its economy and find new balance.
